In the context of blockchain, a hash is the result of a cryptographic function that takes an input (or message) and produces a fixed-size string of characters, which is typically a hexadecimal number. The output, known as the hash value or hash digest, is unique to the specific input data. Even a small change in the input data will result in a significantly different hash.
In blockchain, hashes play a crucial role in ensuring the integrity, immutability, and security of data. For example, each block in a blockchain contains a hash of the previous block’s header, creating a chain of blocks, while miners in Proof of Work (PoW) consensus mechanisms like Bitcoin compete to find a specific hash value that will create the next block.
